Classification of operating systems and list of operating systems

Content

• 1 Classification of operating systems
• 2Early, historically significant
  • 2.1Early, proprietary
• 3 Proprietary
  • 3.1Acorn
  • 3.2Amiga
  • 3.3Atari ST
  • 3.4Apple / Macintosh
  • 3.5 Be Corporation
  • 3.6Novell
  • 3.7DEC / Compaq / HP
  • 3.8IBM
  • 3.9ICT / ICL
  • 3.10Microsoft
  • 3.11Strawberry Development Group.
  • 3.12Sun Microsystems
  • 3.13Other proprietary Unix-like and other POSIX-compatible operating systems.
• 4Free
  • 4.1Open Source Unix-like
  • 4.2 Research Unix-like
  • 4.3 Research non-UNIX
• 5Disk Operating Systems
• 6Automatic / internal, non-UNIX, and others
  • 6.1Siemens AG
• 7 Home OS
• 8 Operational systems for BC
• 9Operating systems for Spectrum
• 10Application systems
  • 10.1 Remote PC (PDA)
  • 10.2 Smartphones
  • 10.3 Routers
  • 10.4 MINIATS
  • 10.5 Microcontrollers, embedded operating systems, real-time operating systems
• 11 Fictional operating systems
• 12Links
• 13 Literature

Operating System Classification

Operating systems can be classified by basic technology (Unix-like or similar to Windows), license type (proprietary or open), is it currently being developed (outdated DOS or NextStep or modern Linux and Windows), for workstations (DOS, Apple) , or for servers (AIX), real-time OS and embedded OS (VxWorks, QNX), PDA, or specialized (production management, training, etc.).

Early, historically significant

• CTSS (The Compatible TimeShare System, developed at MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
• Incompatible_Timesharing_System (The Incompatible Timeshare System, developed at MIT for DEC 10/20 servers)
• THE operating system (developed by Edsger Dijkstra and others)
• MULTICS (project Bell Labs, GE, and MIT)
• Master program developed by Leo Computers, Leo III in 1962.

Early, proprietary

• Apple Computer (earlier versions were in ROM along with Integer BASIC language interpreter; later versions were bundled with Microsoft BASIC)
• Business Operating System (BOS) - Cross-platform, command-line based
• Commodore PET, Commodore 64, and Commodore VIC-20,
• The very first IBM-PC (3 OS went to the world of UCSD p-System, CPM-86, PC-DOS)
• Sinclair Micro and QX, and the like.
• TRS-DOS, ROM OS (improved Microsoft BASIC file system interpreter)
• TI99-4
• Flex (from Technical Systems Consultants for Motorola 6800-based microcomputers: SWTPC, Tano, Smoke Signal Broadcasting, Gimix, others)
• FLEX9 (from Motorola 6809 based TSC)
• mini-FLEX (from TSC for 5.25 "floppy on 6800 machines)
• HDOS - Heath DOS, for microcomputers.
• Cray Operating System for supercomputers Cray Research Inc.

Proprietary

Acorn

• Arthur
• Arx
• RISC OS
• RISCiX

Amiga

• AmigaOS
• MorphOS

Atari ST

• TOS
• MultiTOS
• MiNT

Apple / Macintosh

Mac OS logo

• Apple dos
• A / UX
• Prodos
• GS / OS
• Mac os
• Mac os x
• Apple darwin

Be Corporation

80px

• BeOS
• Beia
• Zeta

Novell

• Netware 3.x, including Netware v3.12
• Netware 4.x
• Netware 5.x
• Netware 6.x

DEC / Compaq / HP

• AIS
• OS-8
• ITS (for PDP-6 and PDP-10)
• TOPS-10 (for PDP-10)
• TOPS-20 (for PDP-10)
• WAITS
• TENEX (from BBN)
• RSTS / E (worked on several types of machines, mostly PDP-11)
• RSX-11 (multi-user, multi-tasking OS for PDP-11s)
• RT-11 (single user for PDP-11)
• VMS (from DEC for the VAX computer series, later renamed to OpenVMS)
• HP-UX from HP
• OSF / 1 (from DEC; renamed twice, first to Digital UNIX, then Tru64)

Ibm

• IBSYS
• OS / 2
  • OS / 2 v1.0 Released in December 1987, OS / 2 1.00 was the first operating system with i80286 built-in multitasking.
  • OS / 2 v1.10SE In October 1988, OS / 2 version 1.10SE (Standard Edition) was released.
  • OS / 2 v1.10EE Year 1989
  • OS / 2 v1.20 Year 1989. The November version of OS / 2 1.20 (SE and EE) offered the user an improved Presentation Manager.
  • OS / 2 v1.30 Year 1991. Also SE and EE)
  • OS / 2 v2.00 Spring 1992. This is the first OS / 2 system that requires an i386 processor with its protected mode.
  • OS / 2 v2.10 May 1993. To reduce the price of their products at the end of 1993, IBM released OS / 2 version 2.11, which did not contain Win-OS / 2 subsystems and was installed on top of Windows 3.1.
  • OS / 2 v3.0 "Warp" and "Warp Connect" In October 1994, OS / 2 Warp3 debuted.
  • OS / 2 v4.0 "Merlin" September 1996.
  • OS / 2 Warp 4.5 Server for E-business "Aurora" In April 1999, the new IBM OS / 2 Warp4.5 Server for E-business (Aurora) was introduced to the market. Further updates were given the names CP1 and CP2 (Convenience Package), based on Aurora.
  • FreeOS The first free OS / 2 creation project
  • osFree TPE In December 1999, work began on osFree TPE, a freely available OS / 2 equivalent based on OS / 2 v4.0 "Merlin" source code.
  • osFree In 2000, the development of a freely available OS / 2 based on L4 was started: Pistachio
  • eComStation 1.x
• AIX (a kind of Unix)
• AIX / RT
• AIX / 6000
• AIX PC
• AIX / ESA
• AIX / 370
• AIX 5L
• OS / 400
• VM / CMS
• Dos / 360
• Dos / vse
• OS / 360 (the first OS developed for the System 360 architecture)
• MFT (later called OV / VS1)
• MVT (later called OV / VS2)
• Svs
• MVS (late version of MVT)
• TPF
• ALCS
• OS / 390
• z / OS, next version of IBM OS / 390
• z / VM (late version of VM)
• z / VSE (late version of VSE)

• Basic Operating System (the first OS implemented for the System 360 architecture)
• PC-DOS OEM version of MS-DOS, subsequently finalized independently.

• EC OS computer non-IBM series of IBM-compatible operating systems

ICT / ICL

• George
• VME
• DME
• Tme

Microsoft

• MSX-DOS
• MS-DOS
• Microsoft Windows
  • Windows 1.0
  • Windows 2.0 (for 80286)
  • Windows 3.0 is the first version to have commercial success.
  • Windows 3.1
  • Windows 3.11
  • Windows 95
  • Windows 98
  • Windows me
  • Windows NT (developed for Microsoft by a team led by David Cutler)
  • Windows NT 3.5
  • Windows NT 4.0
  • Windows 2000 (otherwise, Windows NT v5.0)
  • Windows XP (internally based on Win2K; versions: Home, Professional, Embedded, Tablet PC Edition, Media Center Edition)
  • Windows Server 2003
  • Windows vista
  • Windows Server 2008
  • Windows 7
  • Windows 8
• Xenix (licensed version of Unix; sold by SCO in the 1990s)
• Windows CE (compact edition - compact edition for handheld computers)
• Pocket PC, Windows Mobile - modern versions of Windows CE
• Windows phone

Strawberry development group

• EROS
• Capros

Sun microsystems

• SunOS, Unix-like
• Solaris, Unix-like, is based on SunOS 4.x (Solaris 1.x) and SunOS 5.x (Solaris 2.x, 7 and later)
• Java Desktop System

Other proprietary Unix-like and other POSIX-compatible operating systems.

• Aegis / OS (Apollo Computer)
• Cromix (Unix emulating OS from Cromemco)
• Coherent (Mark Williams Co. Emulating Unix OS for Personal Computers)
• DNIX
• Dynix
• Idris
• IRIX from SGI
• NeXTSTEP
• OPENSTEP
• OS-9 Unix-like RTOS. (Microware Emix Unix OS for Motorola 6809 processor)
  • OS-9 / 68k (Microware Emulated Unix OS for Motorola 680x0; created from OS-9)
  • OS-9000 (Microware Unix Portable Emulation; one of the implementations designed for Intel x86)
• Plan 9 (network OS, developed by Bell Labs Computer Research)
• Inferno (network OS, developed by Bell Labs Computer Research)
• QNX (POSIX, a microkernel operating system; used mainly in embedded real-time systems)
• Rhapsody
• RiscOS
• SCO UNIX (from Santa Cruz Operation, purchased by Caldera, later renamed to SCO)
• System V (AT & T Unix implementation, 'SVr4' 4th release). In fact, the latest "clean" UNIX. Everything else is usually called UNIX like ...
• UNIflex (Emulated Unix OS from TSC for DMA-compatible, Motorola 6809 with extended addressing; for example, SWTPC, GIMIX, ...)
• Ultrix (the first Unix version for VAX and PDP-11 from DEC, based on BSD)
• UniCOS
• Venix

Free

Open Source Unix-like

100px

• BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution, Unix implementation for DEC VAX)
  • 386BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
  • FreeBSD (one of the open source BSD branches)
  • OpenBSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
  • NetBSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
  • DragonFly BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
  • PC BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
  • Midnight BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
• GNU / Hurd (OS, implemented as a set of servers running on the Mach microkernel)
  • Hurd / L4 (OS implemented as a set of servers running on the L4 microkernel)

• GNU / Linux (see Linux)
  • Linux (most free Unix-like kernel)
  • Cosmoe (based on the Linux kernel and uses a lot of AtheOS code, similar to BeOS)
• OpenSolaris (Solaris Codes Discovery Project)
• Plan 9 (distributed OS, developed by Bell Labs)
  • Plan B (distributed OS derived from Plan 9)
  • Off ++ (distributed OS derived from Plan 9)
• Inferno (virtual OS, developed by Bell Labs)
• SSS-PC (developed at Tokyo University)

Research Unix-like

• UNIX (developed by Bell Labs in 1970, idea by Ken Thompson)
• Mach (from OS kernel developers at CMU; see NeXTSTEP)
• Minix (learning OS from Andrew Tanenbaum from the Netherlands)
• Amoeba (developed by Andrew Tanenbaum])
• K42 (developed by IBM)

Non-UNIX research

• 3OS - Object Oriented Operation System
• AROS - Amiga Research OS, AmigaOS-like for the x86 processor line
• Nemesis Research OS from the University of Cambridge - details (in English) [1]
• TUNES, 1994
• V (operating system) Stanford, early 1980s

Disk Operating Systems

• QDOS (developed by Seattle Computer Products for Intel 808x processors; also known as SCP-DOS; licensed by Microsoft - has become MS-DOS / PC-DOS)
  • MS-DOS (developed by Microsoft for IBM PC-compatible machines)
  • PC-DOS (IBM DOS version for PC)
  • DR-DOS (MS-DOS compatible OS from Digital Research, then Novell, Caldera, Siemens AG ..; currently used for specific tasks) [2]
  • FreeDOS (Free DOS, target is 100% MS-DOS compatible) [3]
  • ROM-DOS (MS-DOS compatible OS from Datalight for embedded systems) [4]
• GEM (Graphical User Interface for MS-DOS / DR-DOS from Digital Research)

Author / internal, non-UNIX, and others

• AOS, new name Bluebottle (Oberon operating system)

150px

• AROS Open source (Amiga® Research Operating System) [5]
• AtheOS (developed on the basis of the Syllable branch)
• Bluebottle (see AOS)
• Control Program / Monitor (CP / M)
  • CP / M-80 (CP / M for the Intel 8080/8085 and Zilog Z80 from Digital Research)
  • CP / M-86 (CP / M for Intel 8088/86 from Digital Research)
  • MP / M-80 (multi-program version CP / M-80 from Digital Research)
  • MP / M-86 (multi-program version CP / M-86 from Digital Research)
• UCSD p-System (portable programming environment / operating system / virtual machine, developed by students of the University of California and San Diego; managed by Professor Ken Bowles; written in Pascal)
• FLEX9 (from TSC for Motorola 6809; heir to the FLEX that worked on the Motorola 6800)
• JavaOS (main component is Java VM)
• SSB-DOS (from TSC for Smoke Signal Broadcasting; FLEX version)
• DESQView (Multi-window Graphical User Interface for MS-DOS, 1985)
• Geos
• NewOS open source
• Oberon / operating system (developed by ETH-Zurich Niklaus Wirth and others) for Ceres and Chameleon workstations. see also Oberon (programming language)
• osFree (open source version of OS / 2, [6])
• TripOS, 1978
• VisiOn (the first graphical user interface for the PC, did not have commercial success.)
• VME from International Computers Limited (ICL)
• MorphOS (by Genesi)
• NetWare (from Novell)
• NeXTStep (more or less embedded on Mac OS X by NeXT)
• Pick (licensed and renamed)
• Primos from Prime Computer (sometimes spelled PR1MOS or PR1ME)
• Fujitsu-Siemens OSD / XC (BS2000 ported to emulate Sun to SPARC platform)
• Fujitsu OS-IV (based on IBM's early MVS)
• Fujitsu MSP (OS-IV heir)
• SkyOS (commercial OS for PC) [7]
• Haiku-OS free BeOS clone

Siemens AG [edit]

• BS1000
• BS2000
• BS3000 (functionally similar to Fujitsu's OS-IV and MSP)
• VM2000

Home OS

File: Kalibri OS Logo.jpg

• KolibriOS (the project is based on MenuetOS and is placed on a single diskette)
• LainOS (project based on FreeBSD. Navean Navi GUI from Serial Experiments Lain)
• MenuetOS (fit on one floppy disk)
• Miraculix
• Panalix

• ReactOS (free clone of Windows NT)
• Syllable (almost completely compatible with POSIX)
• Trion Operating System
• Visopsis (VISOPSYS - Visual Operating System)
• UzhOS
• XSKernel (operating system kernel project codenamed XSystem)

Operating systems for BC

Operating systems operating on BK-0010, BK-0010-01, BK-0011 and BK-0011M

• ANDOS
• MK-DOS
• CSI-DOS
• Nord
• OS BK-11 (RT-11 version)
• AO-DOS
• BASIS
• DOSB10
• PascalDOS
• Microdos
• DX-DOS
• HC-DOS
• RT-11 (in external ROM)
• NORTON-BK
• Ramon
• KMON
• Turbo-dos
• BKUNIX

Spectrum Operating Systems

• + 3DOS
• C-DOS
• CP / M
• Doors
• IS-DOS
• Pinkfloyd
• TASiS
• TR-DOS

Application Systems

Handheld Computer (PDA)

• Palm OS from Palm Inc; PalmSource divisions now
• Pocket PC, Windows Mobile from Microsoft
• EPOC, originally from Psion (UK), is currently being developed by Symbian, branded as Symbian OS
• Microsoft's Windows CE
• Linux in Sharp Zaurus

Smartphones

• Windows Mobile Smartphone based on Windows CE
• Linux MontaVista Linux on Motorola's A760, E680
• Symbian OS

Routers

• Cisco CatOS
• Cisco IOS
• Cisco IOS XR based on QNX
• Juniper Networks Junos
• LinkBuilder from 3Com
• MikroTik RouterOS by MikroTik
• Cisco PIX OS
• RapidOS from Riverstone Networks

PBX

• Orix by Avaya

Microcontrollers, embedded operating systems, real-time operating systems

• Contiki
• eCos
• Freertos
• INTEGRITY
• ITRON
• LynxOS [8]
• Montavista Linux
• Nucleus
• QNX
• OS-9 by Microware
• OS-9000 by Microware
• OSE from ENEA
• OSEK
• Rdos
• RTEMS initial development was carried out by order of the US Department of Defense, now opensource (GPL-like license)
• RTOS
• Threadx
• TRON OS Developer - Ken Sakamura
• uC / OS-II for microcontrollers
• µCLinux
• Vxworks

Fictional operating systems

Non-existent operating systems mentioned in jokes, books, movies, etc.

• ALTIMIT_OS - From the .hack Universe
• Hyper OS - From Patlabor
• Wheatonix - April Fool's joke.
• Digitronix - from The Hacker Files
• Luna / X - Google April 2004 Joke. [9]