15 3 Artist's personality

Valuation of the inimitable spiritual world of the individual - a great achievement of human culture In the myth of Orpheus, the Greeks glorified art skills as the highest value. Even Hades - the inexorable god of the underworld - was touched by the singing of Orpheus and his playing on the golden harp. Special power of the artist over the souls of people was recognized as magic , even witchcraft In Dahl defines the concept of \ "artist \" as the word \ "sorcerer \" identical in the popular understanding, \ "magician \" Ukrainian-language concept \ "artist \" comes from the word \ "myth \" (myth) and means Em mastery of creating an image as an object of worship, sorcery concerns the artist's background. For a long time the opinion was formed that his lips were told by higher powers — gods were given him the magic power to turn human suffering and pain into beauty. His heart is filled with pain for peace, and no screams fly away. or moans, and magic melodies In the face of the artist, they rightly saw a genius capable of creating a world more perfect than he is of the Renaissance Figures, and then the romantics believed that \ "the artist should create like God created the world and Even better than him \ "[9, p 58tvoriti so, God creates yak svit i navіt maintained upstream of Demba" [9, p. 58].

The ability to create perfect images led the artist to a special place in the experience of mankind. The ancient Greeks equated him to the hero. True, Plato does not find a place for artists in an ideal state (\ "Gos-ava \") on the grounds that they depict the variable beauty of the real world and not the absolute beauty of ideas There is no place in it for poets, even for Homer, and musicians because they bring up \ "no life for a feeling \". During early Christianity, the artist’s work was a rather dangerous occupation, because the ideologues of Christianity, fighting against ancient culture, pursued by artists who created the statues of their gods. Thus, Tertullian, paying tribute to the skill of sculptors, warned against worshiping the statues they create [2, call 173 [2, p. 173].

Artistic talent has appeared in the history of mankind as the decisive factor in asserting a new outlook on man, vividly evidenced by the Renaissance. From this period, the value of an individual began to be determined not by the known origin, genericity or estates, but by the creative abilities. image for future generations only thanks to the mind-shaped innam of artists. This contributed to a change in the viewpoint on the purpose of art and on the personality of the creators of art. The masterpieces of convincing evidence of such a change in public opinion is, say, an episode from the biography of Titian Sage Italian portraitist, invited to the Spanish royal court, painted the portrait of the king of this country, Charles V. When he worked, the king lifted his hands from plots and filed with Titian In response to the indignant grumble of the court nobles about an act unheard of for the royal person, the king remarked that he could do as much of Titian as he wanted the dukes and counts La nihtiti nihto.

Artists are even forbearance in dealing with high persons. Say, Pope Julius II is a bailiff demanding Michelangelo, who forbade anyone to visit the Sistine Chapel to complete the work on the fresco \ "The Last Judgment \". When the Pope tried to violate the requirement, the artist applied physical force to the sacred person, pushing him behind the shoulders of the Capella. The biographers of the great Michelangelo lead many episodes of his independent behavior in communication with the powerful of this world. Note that this independence is due to respect to the talent in himself, which the artist perceives not as property, but as a gift given to him for the general mental well-being of people Michelangelo's interesting thoughts on this subject are given by Francisco de Olhanda in his work \ "Four dialogues on painting" The great Michelangelo particular for respect: \ " Outstanding artists are by no means inaccessible because of their ambition, but because they meet only a few who understand art, or because they do not want to divert attention by empty talk from those lofty thoughts that are constantly go to them, and do not want to be drawn into the small everyday interests of \ "[11, t 2, from 194 wake іnteresi" [11, t. 2, p. 194].

The scale of the spirit of a talented person predetermines the specifics of its vitality. In the two-dimensionality of human life - the real and ideal realm - the life of an ordinary person is focused on the realities of everyday life. The talented person feels alien in realities of life and adheres to the requirements of necessity is extremely difficult. Real sphere, where it is really free, where debt not in pleasure, but in pleasure for her - this is creativity. Creativity is true life, so that the spirit seeks self-fulfillment, and creative skills make it possible to be realized with due completeness. All the spiritual structures of the subject purposefully interact with each other, focusing on deepening and improving the images that constantly live in the imagination and require materialization in the activities of the artistic formation. The creative process is the creation of a new reality that completely concentrating it on yourself No difficulties are perceived as burdensome, because they are accompanied by a huge spiritual enjoyment of the result.

If, referring to the ideas of Jung, to analyze two types of artistic ability, taking into account their attitude to life, relations with the world and \ "relations \" with their vocation, then such a tendency is built in M ​​Artist that reasonly regulates the creative process, corrects the idea and means achievements, it fits well with his vision of values ​​in the reality of life. He sees his charms not only in his work, but also in his work. His work is perceived by the environment, as she understood, does not contain anything that would require persons Concentration, reflection, spiritual tension, consequently, he is rewarded with the attention of you, the public does not suffer from his personality, and he does not suffer from material needs. Such people are usually called darlings of dollars.

The value of creativity of artists of the type mentioned is that they rooted the existing experience of artistic understanding of life in the minds of the public, society, reinforce its value with the skill of artistic creation of already tested themes, motifs and aesthetic means of their implementation. society, the more Viy affects the formation of aesthetic tastes, with acryplyuyuchy they are, such artists develop and expand the possible limits of the aesthetic experience of their time, their t ip kulturi

If by the artists of the first type we can talk about the conscious management of the creative process, then in the second one the artist seems to subordinate himself to the creative process. He lives by creativity. This is not a figurative expression, but an objective characteristic of a person whose talent is so concentrated, and the need for creativity is so urgent that outside of it, she does not see the meaning of life. As aptly remarked to Goethe, \ "creative in this is self-restraint and confusion."

The personality, which bears in itself a huge wealth of images, full of life expressiveness and spiritual depth, inevitably departs from everyday life with its fluidity, random course of events, that is, everything not directly connected with creativity. Images live in her imagination so real, full of such expressive vitality, \ "torturing \" the artist with himself, demanding embodiment in the material of art. Moreover, they are intrinsically expressive, deep flooring that no everyday impressions can match with them \ "They arose as if they were already completed for the appearance in the world, like Pallas Athena, emerged from the head of Zeus, \ "characterizes this process vividly. Jung The creative process gives the artist a great spiritual pleasure, because the images \" seized him \ "and if they drive him with his hand, so he looks at the fact that he goes out from under his pen (To characterize the art-forming process, Jung turns to prosaic and poetic literature, but the same pattern is inherent in the work of genius in any sphere of thought) tion is not perceived by the artist worthy of attention is noteworthy that the poet, who works in a state of inspiration, called prorokom in stanі nathnennya, nazivayut prophet.

The brilliant artists with their creativity go beyond the usual ideas about the sense of perfection, the prevailing prior artistic tradition and have developed as a standard of beauty for Geniuses and pave the way for their spiritual experience, being perfect, inspired not by tradition, not by habitual methods of formation, but by the internal logic of artistic development. thoughts Each work already in itself has its own form, so in the author’s desire to change something in it looks artificial and unnecessary It seems that the process has an uncontrollable nature, because the "conscious thinking to the side affected by this phenomenon, the author absorbs the sweat of IR thoughts and images that he never intended to create and which, of his free will, could never have existed \" [20, from 366t; [20, p. 366].

The creative impulse, controlling the artist, also affects his character, which, by Jung's definition, is \ "capricious and self-willed \". Since such accusations are heard quite often, let us again turn to Michelangelo’s thoughts, convincingly explains why the artist doesn’t stick to an established way of life or value ideas rooted in the environment: \ "You don’t know that there are sciences that fully capture a person’s calculations, leaving no space for your leisure time, I think that is an outstanding person, like fools Than own vocation \ "[11, Vol 2, p 195] In the words of an artist of genius m and see respect for the talent in yourself and take responsibility for negomlenu vіdpovіdalnіst for Demba.

Biographies of eminent artists, memories of them or their own testimony convince us of a constant focus on creativity. It is a complete responsibility to tell people what the artist has revealed, and to make it so that what was said is truly convincing and, therefore, unites people with a community of feelings and awareness their creative abilities, artists feel the responsibility to the public whole, the whole, in whose midst they are ingrained and for whose sake seek to discover the beauty of the world of ideas in and sensual incarnation Let us turn to the work of the Great Kamenyar-Ivan Franko, who saw the duty to his people as the work of his whole life, calling himself \ "working \", and his desire to open to the people the values ​​of a decent person’s life was defined as \ "a sense of dog debt \" according to his own confessions, he eats, \ "itch to the letter" sverblyachka before writing ".

The scale of the creative achievements of genius artists is often realized only with the passage of time when humankind reaches an understanding of their creativity. Consequently, what they have done for humanity makes sure that the historical epoch is determined by the names of the geniuses of art: the era of the Branch (the period of high classics in ancient Greece), the era of Leonardo ( the period of the High Renaissance in Italy), the day of Goethe (German Enlightenment), what Franco rightly noted on the value of art for humanity: \ "The poet expands the content of our \" I \ "By awakening him to greater or lesser depth \" [16, p. 46] the non-recognition of a genius by his contemporaries shows how far he is ahead of his time. To understand the reason for this inadequate attitude to brilliant artists, it should be borne in mind that spiritual experience, they enclosed in the symbolic of Brag (symbols of relationships, symbols of relationships) are archetypal images, the fullness and depth of the content of which becomes clear only with the passage of time from time to time.

So, the artist’s personality concentrates in himself the universality of the man’s formative skills, the aim of which is perfection in its sensual manifestations - in its whole vitality. The artist’s activity is the freedom of creative manifestation in the spirit, paves the way for the realization of beauty as the highest value by the subjects of communication with it.